ꯑꯦꯂꯨꯃꯤꯅꯥ ꯐꯣꯔꯃꯤꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯦꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯛꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄꯣꯏꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯏꯟꯗꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯔꯥꯃꯤꯛ ꯃꯆꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯂꯨꯃꯤꯅꯥ (Al2O3) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯗꯅꯦꯁ, ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯋꯦꯌꯔ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯁ, ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯁ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯕꯤꯂꯤꯇꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯣꯅꯤꯛꯁ, ꯃꯦꯁꯤꯅꯔꯤ, ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯔꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯇꯥ ꯄꯥꯛ ꯁꯟꯅꯥ ​​ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯑꯦꯂꯨꯃꯤꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯊꯣꯀꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯝꯄꯣꯖꯤꯁꯟ ꯈꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡꯗꯁꯨ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯆꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯐꯣꯔꯃꯤꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯦꯁ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯂꯨꯃꯤꯅꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯤꯟ ꯕꯣꯗꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯐꯣꯔꯝ ꯗꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤ, ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯇꯥꯔꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯟꯇꯔ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯗꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯂꯨꯃꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯨꯡꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯥꯏꯁꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯡ, ꯁ꯭ꯂꯤꯞ ꯀꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯡ, ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯠꯔꯥꯁꯟ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯣꯠ ꯗꯥꯏ ꯀꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯔꯤ꯫ ꯁꯨꯡꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯃꯦꯟꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯁꯤꯁꯟ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯀꯝꯄꯣꯅꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯆꯨꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯂꯨꯃꯤꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯎꯗꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯕꯥꯏꯟꯗꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯟꯁꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯊꯣꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯦꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯜꯇꯤꯄꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ (ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯄꯤ.ꯑꯦ. ꯁꯨꯡꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯏꯐꯤꯁꯤꯑꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯌꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯩ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯤꯟ ꯕꯣꯗꯤꯒꯤ ꯗꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯕ꯭ꯌꯨꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯤ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯀꯝꯞꯂꯦꯛꯁ-ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯀꯝꯄꯣꯅꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯗꯤ꯫

ꯑꯥꯏꯁꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯁꯤꯁꯟ ꯁꯦꯔꯥꯃꯤꯛ ꯕꯦꯔꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯥꯏ-ꯚꯣꯜꯇ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯤꯗꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯤꯟ ꯕꯣꯗꯤ ꯗꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯐꯣꯔꯃꯤꯇꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯆꯨꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯂꯨꯃꯤꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯎꯗꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯛ ꯃꯣꯜꯗ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯏ-ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ (ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯂꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ) ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯃꯖꯤꯅꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯗꯦꯟꯁꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯌꯀꯩ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯐꯣꯔꯝ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ (ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ 100-300 MPa)ꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫ ꯑꯥꯏꯁꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯐꯣꯔꯝ ꯗꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯕ꯭ꯌꯨꯁꯟ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯤꯟ ꯕꯣꯗꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯏꯛꯕꯤꯄꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯏꯅꯚꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯦꯛꯁ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯊꯤꯟ-ꯋꯥꯜ ꯀꯝꯄꯣꯅꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯗꯤ, ꯁ꯭ꯂꯤꯞ ꯀꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯣꯠ ꯗꯥꯏ ꯀꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ꯫ ꯁ꯭ꯂꯤꯞ ꯀꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯂꯨꯃꯤꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯂꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗꯤꯇꯤ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯔ ꯃꯣꯜꯗꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯂꯔꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯂꯤꯗ ꯑꯣꯏꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ, ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ-ꯋꯥꯜ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯔꯥꯃꯤꯛ ꯁꯔꯨꯀꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯆꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯥꯌꯀꯩ ꯑꯃꯔꯣꯃꯗꯥ, ꯍꯣꯠ ꯗꯥꯏ ꯀꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯔꯥꯐꯤꯟ-ꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯕꯥꯏꯟꯗꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯠ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯂꯨꯃꯤꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯎꯗꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯃꯜꯇꯤꯄꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ, ꯀꯝꯞꯂꯦꯛꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯁꯤꯁꯟ ꯀꯝꯄꯣꯅꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯆꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ, ꯑꯦꯂꯨꯃꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯣꯜꯗꯤꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯦꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯕꯥꯏꯟꯗꯔ ꯈꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ, ꯄꯥꯔꯇꯤꯀꯜ ꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯕ꯭ꯌꯨꯁꯟ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯣꯜꯗꯤꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯊꯣꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯄꯔꯐꯣꯃꯦꯟꯁꯇꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯐꯨ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ꯫ ꯁꯤꯟꯇꯔ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯤꯟ ꯕꯣꯗꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯄꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯗꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯦꯀꯥꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯔꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯐꯪꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯇꯥꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯨꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯤꯟꯇꯔ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯈꯪꯖꯤꯅꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ, ꯑꯦꯂꯨꯃꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯣꯜꯗꯤꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯦꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯊꯣꯛ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ, ꯗꯥꯏꯃꯦꯟꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ, ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯏꯐꯤꯁꯤꯑꯦꯟꯁꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯃꯂꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯈꯟꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯁꯦꯔꯥꯃꯤꯛ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯑꯦꯂꯁ ꯁꯥꯏꯟꯁ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯏꯅꯖꯦꯀꯁꯟ ꯃꯣꯜꯗꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯳ꯗꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯟꯇꯤꯡꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯃꯣꯜꯗꯤꯡ ꯇꯦꯛꯅꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯂꯨꯃꯤꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯊꯣꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯦ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯀꯊꯣꯛ ꯆꯥꯎꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯦ꯫